In other words, we can say that the maximum value of the signal in the half-cycle is known as its amplitude. This length is measured from the x-axis, i.e., the zero line. The peak value or the maximum value that a waveform achieves is called its amplitude. The basic characteristics of an AC waveform are as follows: Also, using the full-wave rectifier will even invert the negative cycle and makes it positive. If we use a half-wave rectifier the same waveform has only positive cycles and the negative cycles get eliminated. Let me tell you an interesting thing here! Also, these signals vary as positive, zero (crossing), and negative. These signals may be AC electric potential difference or voltage and AC electric current. The wave changes in a particular fashion and is hence the most useful among all other forms of alternating waveforms in the analysis of ac circuit theory. Well, you can easily see that from the waveform. A sinusoidal wave changes its value with time but in a fixed pattern. The following figure shows the voltage across an ac impedance. In this particular article, we’ll be talking about sinusoidal waveforms only as they are the most commonly used. This waveform can be of any shape (sinusoidal, triangular, trapezoidal, square, etc.). Interesting!! Isn’t it? Alternating SignalsĪs the name says, an alternating quantity (signal) varies with time. I guess that’s a good motivation for you to learn more about the topic. To have a good knowledge of circuit theory, understanding ohm’s law is important. From the generation of power (in power plants or the backup generators) to the power that comes to our house, everything is nothing but the application of AC circuit theory. We have immense practical applications for this. Now as always, we must know why are we studying this! Isn’t it? It shows how an alternating quantity changes with time. AC Waveform (alternating current wave) is the electrical voltage and current waveforms against time in an AC circuit.
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